#Florence - Tuscany (TOS)

#See AGCEEP_Alt_Italy.txt for KoI Alternative events
#NOTE: 1.3 includes FLO as a separate tag for Florence; add if needed.

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#(1419-1512) Republic Flag
#by YodaMaster
event = {
	id = 297039
	trigger = { NOT = { flag = [TOS_Republic] } }
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME297039" #Florence civic pride
	desc = "EVENTHIST297039"
	#-#A large revolt has finally chased out the tyrant and the independence has been definitively gained. The Republic is restored.

	date = { day = 0 month = january year = 1419 }
	offset = 1
	deathdate = { day = 0 month = january year = 1433 }

	action_a = {
		name = "GOOD"
		command = { type = setflag which = [TOS_Republic] }
		command = { type = flagname which = "Republic" }
		command = { type = treasury value = 50 }
		command = { type = INF which = 401 value = 2000 } #Firenze
	}
}
event = {
	id = 297040
	trigger = { NOT = { flag = [TOS_Republic] } }
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME297039" #Florence civic pride
	desc = "EVENTHIST297039"
	#-#A large revolt has finally chased out the tyrant and the independence has been definitively gained. The Republic is restored.

	date = { day = 0 month = january year = 1433 }
	offset = 1
	deathdate = { day = 0 month = january year = 1453 }

	action_a = {
		name = "GOOD"
		command = { type = setflag which = [TOS_Republic] }
		command = { type = flagname which = "Republic" }
		command = { type = treasury value = 50 }
		command = { type = INF which = 401 value = 2000 } #Firenze
	}
}
event = {
	id = 297041
	trigger = { NOT = { flag = [TOS_Republic] } }
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME297039" #Florence civic pride
	desc = "EVENTHIST297039"
	#-#A large revolt has finally chased out the tyrant and the independence has been definitively gained. The Republic is restored.

	date = { day = 0 month = january year = 1453 }
	offset = 1
	deathdate = { day = 0 month = january year = 1473 }

	action_a = {
		name = "GOOD"
		command = { type = setflag which = [TOS_Republic] }
		command = { type = flagname which = "Republic" }
		command = { type = treasury value = 50 }
		command = { type = INF which = 401 value = 2000 } #Firenze
	}
}
event = {
	id = 297042
	trigger = { NOT = { flag = [TOS_Republic] } }
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME297039" #Florence civic pride
	desc = "EVENTHIST297039"
	#-#A large revolt has finally chased out the tyrant and the independence has been definitively gained. The Republic is restored.

	date = { day = 0 month = january year = 1473 }
	offset = 1
	deathdate = { day = 0 month = january year = 1493 }

	action_a = {
		name = "GOOD"
		command = { type = setflag which = [TOS_Republic] }
		command = { type = flagname which = "Republic" }
		command = { type = treasury value = 50 }
		command = { type = INF which = 401 value = 2000 } #Firenze
	}
}
event = {
	id = 297043
	trigger = { NOT = { flag = [TOS_Republic] } }
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME297039" #Florence civic pride
	desc = "EVENTHIST297039"
	#-#A large revolt has finally chased out the tyrant and the independence has been definitively gained. The Republic is restored.

	date = { day = 0 month = january year = 1493 }
	offset = 1
	deathdate = { day = 29 month = august year = 1513 }

	action_a = {
		name = "GOOD"
		command = { type = setflag which = [TOS_Republic] }
		command = { type = flagname which = "Republic" }
		command = { type = treasury value = 50 }
		command = { type = INF which = 401 value = 2000 } #Firenze
	}
}
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#(1420) Brunelleschi and the Duomo - Flavor
#by mfigueras (text from Mac Tutor History of Mathematics)
event = {
	id = 5222
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME5222" #Brunelleschi and the Duomo of Florence
	desc = "EVENTHIST5222"
	#-#The work for the cathedral in Florence had begun in 1296 and proceeded very slowly. When the architect and sculptor Filippo Brunelleschi became interested in the project the main problem facing the architects was the construction of the dome. Huge engineering problems faced the placing of a dome on the octagonal Baptistry, and much argument had taken place on how to solve this and Brunelleschi set to work on finding an innovative solution. He combined his artistic skills, his mathematical skills and his understanding of mechanical devices when he made a proposal to the wardens of works of the cathedral when they set up a competition in 1418 to find the best solution to the problem of designing and constructing the dome. Brunelleschi proposed a double selfsupporting shell and a rib structure to support the enormous weight. He proposed brick as a building material, laid in rotating herringbone patterns. In 1420 Brunelleschi was awarded the commission and construction began.

	date = { day = 1 month = march year = 1420 }
	offset = 300
	deathdate = { day = 29 month = december year = 1420 }

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME5222A" #Let's appoint Brunelleschi and fund him
		command = { type = treasury value = -60 }
		command = { type = ADM which = 1 value = 18 }
		command = { type = infra value = 50 }
	}
	action_b = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME5222B" #Let's appoint someone less innovative
		command = { type = treasury value = -15 }
		command = { type = infra value = 10 }
		command = { type = sleepevent which = 5223 } #TOS: The Duomo is completed
	}
	action_c = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME5222C" #A dome for the cathedral? Some carpentry work will suffice
		command = { type = infra value = -10 }
		command = { type = sleepevent which = 5223 } #TOS: The Duomo is completed
	}
}
#(1447) The Duomo is completed - Flavor
#by mfigueras
event = {
	id = 5223
	trigger = {
		event = 5222 #TOS: Brunelleschi and the Duomo of Florence
	}
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME5223" #The Duomo is completed
	desc = "EVENTHIST5223"
	#-#Although Brunelleschi's construction methods were revolutionary, the erection of the dome was still a lengthy construction process. By the time Brunelleschi died, in 1446, the dome was almost completely finished. It soon became one of the masterworks of architecture, admired throughout the world. Although the duomo of Santa Maria del Fiore was the most famous of Brunelleschi's architectural achievements, there are many other examples of his stunning architecture in Florence.

	date = { day = 1 month = march year = 1447 }
	offset = 300
	deathdate = { day = 29 month = december year = 1447 }

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME5223A" #We have a truly grandiose masterpiece!
		command = { type = vp value = 5 }
		command = { type = infra value = 75 }
		command = { type = stability value = 1 }
		command = { type = relation which = -1 value = 15 }
		command = { type = relation which = -1 value = 15 }
		command = { type = relation which = -1 value = 15 }
		command = { type = relation which = -1 value = 15 }
	}
}

#(1423-1441) The League against Milan
#by Bordic (TOS Version)
event = {
	id = 297034
	trigger = {
		event = 228049 #MLO: The Lombard hegemony
		OR = {
			owned = { province = 390 data = MLO } #Mantua
			owned = { province = 391 data = MLO } #Romagna
			owned = { province = 392 data = MLO } #Marche
			owned = { province = 400 data = MLO } #Siena
			owned = { province = 402 data = MLO } #Emilia
			control = { province = 390 data = MLO } #Mantua
			control = { province = 391 data = MLO } #Romagna
			control = { province = 392 data = MLO } #Marche
			control = { province = 400 data = MLO } #Siena
			control = { province = 402 data = MLO } #Emilia
			war = { country = MLO country = TOS } #as selfdefence
		}
		NOT = {
			alliance = { country = TOS country = MLO }
		}
	}
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME297034" #The League against Milan
	desc = "EVENTHIST297034"
	#-#Because of having established control over Lombardy and submitted Genoa, Filippo Maria Visconti clearly showed his intention to continue with the ambitious plan which his father Giangaleazzo once pursued: the unification of the whole Northern Italy under the Visconti's blazon. Romagna should have been Visconti's next step in his threatening hegemonic plan. But Invading Romagna, the duke of Milan would break the 1420 peace treaty stipulated with the Florentine Republic as to guarantee 10 years of non-belligerence. That treaty notably forbade Visconti from intervening in the lands beyond Panaro-Magra Rivers and so in Romagna and Tuscany, territories in which Florence directly exercised her influence. Florentine army alone was not enough powerful to face the Milanese well paid Mercenari. A League against Visconti urged immediately.

	date = { day = 25 month = May year = 1423 }
	offset = 50
 	deathdate = { day = 15 month = November year = 1441 }

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME297034A" #Ask for alliance
		command = { type = INF which = -2 value = 4000 }
		command = { type = CAV which = -2 value = 1000 }
		command = { type = treasury value = -75 } #Florentine bankers financed the league
		command = { type = relation which = ARG value = 50 } #initially they were allied
		command = { type = relation which = MLO value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = GEN value = -50 }
		command = { type = casusbelli which = MLO value = 60 }
		command = { type = casusbelli which = GEN value = 24 }
		command = { type = DIP which = 2 value = 24 }
		command = { type = diplomats value = 2 }
	}
	action_b = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME297034B" #We can stop the Tyrant alone
		command = { type = stability value = -1 }
		command = { type = INF which = -2 value = 5000 }
		command = { type = CAV which = -2 value = 2000 }
		command = { type = treasury value = -50 }
		command = { type = MIL which = -2 value = 12 }
		command = { type = relation which = MLO value = -50 }
		command = { type = casusbelli which = MLO value = 60 }
		command = { type = sleepevent which = 326054 } #VEN: The League against Milan
	}
	action_c = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME297034C" #No action will be taken
		command = { type = stability value = -2 }
		command = { type = DIP which = -2 value = 36 }
		command = { type = sleepevent which = 326054 } #VEN: The League against Milan
		command = { type = sleepevent which = 17362 } #TOS: The Albizzi (future uprisings because of unsuccessful wars)
	}
}

#(1424) Bruni, Florentine Chancellor
#by music_theory7, modified by Bordic
event = {
	id = 297025
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME297025" #Bruni, Florentine Chancellor
	desc = "EVENTHIST297025"
	#-#Leonardo Bruni was a leading humanist, historian and a chancellor of Florence. He has been called the first modern historian writing History of the Florentine People which has been called the first modern history book. As a humanist Bruni was essential in translating many works of Plato and Aristotele. Bruni was the first historian to write about the three period view of history: Antiquity, Middle Age and Modern. Thus he laid the conceptual groundwork for a tripartite division of history.

	date = { day = 1 month = january year = 1424 }
	offset = 90
	deathdate = { day = 1 month = january year = 1425 }

	action_a = {
		name = "GREAT"
		command = { type = infra value = 50 }
		command = { type = ADM which = 2 value = 17 }
	}
}

#(1427-1454) Catasto
event = {
	id = 297014
	trigger = { atwar = no }
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME297014" #Catasto
	desc = "EVENTHIST297014"
	#-#Giovanni de' Medici is responsible for the introduction of the catasto, a new system of taxation on declarations of assets, not of income, which is easily disguised. It is a very popular act as one chronicler puts it, now the common folk have the satisfaction of seeing 'those who previously paid 20 florins are now paying 300'. The excitement was appeased by Giovanni de' Medici, who said, It is not well to go into things so long past, unless to learn something for our present guidance, and if in former times the taxation has been unjust, we ought to be thankful, that we have now discovered a method of making it equitable, and hope that this will be the means of uniting the citizens, not of dividing them, which would certainly be the case were they to attempt the recovery of taxes for the past, and make them equal to the present, and that he who is content with a moderate victory is always most successful, for those who would more than conquer, commonly lose.

	date = { day = 20 month = april year = 1427 }
	offset = 60
	deathdate = { day = 22 month = march year = 1454 }

	action_a = {
		name = "OK"
		command = { type = trade value = 300 }
		command = { type = inflation value = -1 }
		command = { type = provincetax which = -2 value = 1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = serfdom value = -1 }
		command = { type = treasury value = 200 }
		command = { type = stability value = 1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = aristocracy value = -1 }
	}
}

#(1430) Donatello - Flavor
#by Isaac Brock
event = {
	id = 17361
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME17361" #Donatello
	desc = "EVENTHIST17361"
	#-#Donatello (1386-1466) was trained as a goldsmith, but studied ancient art. His 'David' (1430) is one of the most renowned sculptures of the early Renaissance, and the first free standing figure to be cast in bronze since antiquity. His 'Judith slaying Holofernes' was dedicated to the Florentine republic.

	date = { day = 1 month = january year = 1430 }
	offset = 360
	deathdate = { day = 29 month = december year = 1430 }

	action_a = {
		name = "OK"
		command = { type = stability value = 1 }
		command = { type = infra value = 250 }
	}
}

#(1431-1435) Another league against Milan
#by Bordic
event = {
	id = 297035 #triggered by MLO_228051 A
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME326063" #Another league against Milan
	desc = "EVENTHIST228051"
	#-#For more then ten years Northern Italy was the war theater of 'Mercenari' at disposal of the best offerer between Milan and the other Italian states united in a League originally formed by Venice and Florence. It was to the interest of all soldiers of fortune of both sides to make the operations last as long as possible, to avoid decisive operations and to liberate all prisoners quickly. Consequently the campaign were very exhausting and dragged on interminably, some battles were won and others lost, truces and peace treaties were made only to be broken, and no definite result was achieved. A peace treaty was also stipulated in Ferrara in 1428 in which at first Visconti stated to renounce claims to territories lying beyond the Panaro-Magra Rivers, but refused to concede the territories of Bergamo and Brescia to Venice, which was still occupying with her troops. Political and economic interests of both sides were conflicting and when the new Pope, Eugenius IV, was being suspected of involvement with the League to damage Milan, Visconti retaliated sending his troops to invade the Papal States. That represented a violation of the peace treaty and subsequently a new Antivisconti League was formed to wage war against Milan.

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME297035A" #Stop the Tyrant
		command = { type = relation which = MLO value = -25 }
		command = { type = casusbelli which = MLO value = 36 }
		command = { type = stability value = -2 }
	}
	action_b = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME326054B" #Grant neutrality and avoid expensive wars
		command = { type = relation which = MLO value = 75 }
		command = { type = relation which = VEN value = -25 }
		command = { type = relation which = PAP value = -25 }
		command = { type = sleepevent which = 297017 } #TOS: The Duke of Milan threatens the balance
	}
}

#(1433) The Albizzi vs. Cosimo de' Medici
#by Isaac Brock
event = {
	id = 17362
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME17362" #The Albizzi
	desc = "EVENTHIST17362"
	#-#The Albizzi were a family with a long history in Florence and in 1433 they represented the oligarchic faction in the republic. Cosimo de' Medici was becoming increasingly influential in the republic's politics - he was supported by the 'popolo minuto', the ordinary workers who had no say in the government, and by the lesser guilds. Rumours circulated that Cosimo was plotting to use mercenary troops to set himself up as ruler of Florence. When Rodolfo degli Albizzi managed to gain control of the 'signoria' (the governing council) he used his influence to have Cosimo imprisoned. Rather than executing the Medici, under pressure from the Medici's debtors and supporters he had the family exiled for ten years and declared them nobles, thereby excluding them from any role in the government of the city forever. Reluctant to act by force and willing to bide his time, Cosimo complied. Should we exile the Medici or overthrow Albizzi's government?

	date = { day = 1 month = september year = 1433 }
	offset = 30
	deathdate = { day = 29 month = december year = 1433 }

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME17362A" #Exile the Medici
		command = { type = stability value = 1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = centralization value = -1 }
		command = { type = sleepevent which = 17319 } #TOS: Reforms of Cosimo de Medici
		command = { type = wakemonarch which = 0136003 } #Rinaldo degli Albizzi
		command = { type = wakemonarch which = 0136004 } #Cosimo il Vecchio
	}
	action_b = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME17362B" #Overthrow the Albizzi
		command = { type = stability value = -4 }
		command = { type = domestic which = centralization value = -2 }
		command = { type = revolt which = 401 } #Firenze
		command = { type = revolt which = 401 } #Firenze
		command = { type = sleepevent which = 17363 } #TOS: The Return of the Medici
		command = { type = sleepmonarch which = 0136003 } #Rinaldo degli Albizzi
		command = { type = sleepmonarch which = 0136004 } #Cosimo il Vecchio
	}
}

#(1434) The Return of the Medici
#by Isaac Brock
event = {
	id = 17363
	trigger = { event = 17362 } #Albizzi vs. Medici
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME17363" #The Return of the Medici
	desc = "EVENTHIST17363"
	#-#After the exile of the Medici Florence lost it's main banker and found it increasingly difficult to raise funds. The oligarchic party lost influence and Rinaldo Albizzi lost popularity until the 'signoria' summoned him to judgement. Rather than be exiled Rinaldo summoned his guards and attacked city hall. He was beaten off, and then exiled. Cosimo de' Medici was recalled and was now in complete control of the city, although he maintained republican forms. He introduced the 'decima scalata', a progressive income tax to reduce the tax burden of the poor. He patronized Petrarch and Bocaccio, and founded the Platonic Academy in 1440.

	date = { day = 10 month = august year = 1434 }
	offset = 30
	deathdate = { day = 29 month = december year = 1434 }

	action_a = {
		name = "OK"
		command = { type = stability value = 2 }
		command = { type = provincetax which = -2 value = 1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = centralization value = 2 }
		command = { type = domestic which = aristocracy value = -2 }
		command = { type = domestic which = mercantilism value = -1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = serfdom value = -1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = innovative value = 1 }
		command = { type = infra value = 300 }
	}
}

#(1435-1441) The Duke of Milan threatens the balance
#by Bordic
event = {
	id = 297017 #triggered by VEN_326070
	trigger = {
		NOT = { war = { country = TOS country = GEN } }
	}
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME297017" #The Duke of Milan threatens the balance
	desc = "EVENTHIST228020"
	#-#After the death of Giovanna of Anjou without natural heirs, a war of succession for the Kingdom of Naples broke out between the two claimants, René of Anjou and Alfons of Aragon, both designated heirs in two different times by Giovanna. Filippo Maria Visconti of Milan, also Signore of Genoa, preoccupied for the increasing Aragonese influence in the Mediterranean sea trade routes as much as in the Italian peninsula, decided to support the Angevins. Alfons of Aragon was defeated and captured by a Genovese fleet at the battle of Ponza in 1435. Transferred to Milan, Alfons succeeded in gaining Visconti's favour to his cause against the French Angevins. He convinced Filippo Maria that a French presence in Italy could be against the interests of Milan since the House of Orléans had never hidden its dynastic claims on the Duchy of Milan. But Genoa, a bitter rival of Aragon during centuries of dispute over Sardinia, Corsica, and the control of the Western Mediterranean trade, was appalled by Visconti's sudden change of sides, and immediately asked for admission in the Venetian-Florentine league against her former suzerain.

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME297017A" #Give support to Genoa against Visconti
		command = { type = relation which = GEN value = 50 }
		command = { type = relation which = ARG value = -25 }
		command = { type = relation which = MLO value = -50 }
		command = { type = casusbelli which = MLO value = 36 }
	}
}

#(1439-1442) Reforms of Cosimo de Medici
#by Solmyr - modified by Crook
event = {
	id = 17319
	trigger = { NOT = { event = 17363 } }
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME17319" #Reforms of Cosimo de Medici
	desc = "EVENTHIST17319"
	#-#Cosimo de Medici the Elder, also called Pater Patriae (Father of the Fatherland), exercised monarchical powers in an urban regime with republican forms. He patronized Petrarch and Bocaccio, and founded the Platonic Academy in 1440.

	date = { day = 1 month = january year = 1439 }
	offset = 360
	deathdate = { day = 1 month = january year = 1442 }

	action_a = {
		name = "GREAT"
		command = { type = stability value = 1 }
		command = { type = infra value = 300 } #changed from 500 by Crook
		command = { type = domestic which = innovative value = 1 } #added by Crook
	}
}

#(1441-1447) The Peace of Cremona
#by Bordic
event = {
	id = 297037
	trigger = {
		exists = MLO
		exists = VEN
		event = 228052 #MLO: The Peace of Cremona
		atwar = no
	}
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME326064" #The Peace of Cremona
	desc = "EVENTHIST228052"
	#-#Several peace treaties were stipulated between Visconti and the other Italian states, amongst them Venice and Florence, forming the anti-Visconti League: as main condition the Milanese Duke had to abandon his ambitions to rule in Northern Italy. But war actually didn't and couldn't stop, Visconti soon invaded Papal States with the intention to punish the Pope Eugenius V, former Venetian Cardinal, for plotting with the League against him. Facing a new and stronger League, whose troops were commanded by Francesco Sforza, Filippo Maria succeeded in asking the condottiero to mediate with the League-confederates for an immediate peace. In exchange for that service, Sforza married Visconti's daughter Bianca Maria. Since Visconti hadn't yet any direct male heir, Sforza would be in condition to claim the throne at Visconti's death. In the treaty signed in Cremona in 1441 Venice obtained the suzerainty over the cities of Brescia, Bergamo and Ravenna while Visconti had to confirm the independence of Genoa and to give up definitely his ambitious plan of a reborn Lombard Kingdom in Northern Italy.

	date = { day = 18 month = november year = 1441 }
 	offset = 30
 	deathdate = { day = 15 month = august year = 1447 }

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME326064A" #Stop any belligerence against Visconti
		command = { type = stability value = 1 }
		command = { type = independence which = SAV }
		command = { type = independence which = MOD }
		command = { type = independence which = SIE }
		command = { type = independence which = MAN }
		command = { type = independence which = PAP }
		command = { type = trigger which = 297038 } #TOS: Effects of the Treaty of Cremona
	}
}
#(1441-1447) Effects of the Treaty of Cremona
event = {
	id = 297038 #triggered by TOS_297037
	trigger = {
		OR = {
			AND = {
				owned = { province = 404 data = -1 } #Piemonte
				exists = SAV
			}
			AND = {
				owned = { province = 402 data = -1 } #Emilia
				exists = MLO
			}
			AND = {
				owned = { province = 392 data = -1 } #Marche
				exists = PAP
			}
		}
	}
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME228053" #Effects of the Treaty of Cremona
	desc = "EVENTHIST228053"
	#-#With that treaty Milan had to renounce claims to Lower Po Valley and cede the territories beyond the Adda River to Venice.

	action_a = {
		name = "OK"
		command = { type = cedeprovince which = SAV value = 404 } #Piemonte
		command = { type = cedeprovince which = MLO value = 402 } #Emilia
		command = { type = cedeprovince which = PAP value = 392 } #Marche
	}
}

#(1442) Trade Manual - Flavor
event = {
	id = 297031
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME297031" #Trade Manual
	desc = "EVENTHIST297031"
	#-#The Florentine merchant Francesco Balducci Pegolotti compiled his work on a trade manual for merchants with regards to, weights and measures for tarifs on trade, he probably compiled his work from the Venetian trade manual Tarifa zoè noticia dy pexi e mexure di luogi e tere che s'adovra marcadantia per el mondo in the 1340s. This manual served as a source for later work which shares its title, the Pratica della mercatura compiled by Giovanni di Bernardo da Uzzano in 1442.

	date = { day = 0 month = october year = 1442 }

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME297031A" #Florentine merchants rejoice
		command = { type = domestic which = innovative value = 1 }
		command = { type = trade value = 200 }
	}
}

#(1450-1454) The Venetian Danger -I-
#by Bordic
event = {
	id = 297019
	trigger = {
		exists = MLO
		exists = VEN
		event = 326024 #VEN: Another Lombard war
		OR = {
			event = 228004 #MLO: The Sforza
			event = 228006 #MLO: Milan accepts Sforza
		}
		NOT = {
			event = 297030 #TOS: The Venetian Danger -II-
			war = { country = TOS country = MLO }
		}
		vassal = { country = VEN country = TOS }
	}
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME297019" #The Venetian Danger
	desc = "EVENTHIST326024"
	#-#In 1447 Duke Filippo Maria Visconti died without a male heir in his succession to the throne. As a result of this the city of Milan proclaimed the Republic giving the high military command to Francesco Sforza on the purpose to stop Venice from the eastern borders profiting from the Milanese crisis by expanding her dominions beyond Adda River. After 2 years and half of life, isolated and surrounded by the unfaithful Sforza, who in the meanwhile and with the support of Venice turned against the city of Milan aiming at the ducal throne, the Ambrosian Republic eventually ceased to exist. Brought to severe famine the citizenship of Milan was forced to surrender to the condottiero and accept him as their new Duke. As soon as Sforza proclaimed himself successor of Visconti to the throne of Milan and the Holy Roman Emperor didn't acknowledge him the ducal investiture, the war of succession inevitably began. Encouraged by that and as to continued her war of conquest Venice tried to renew her old alliance with Florence. But Florence was now ruled by Cosimo de Medici, a Sforza's friend, who instead resolved to support the condottiero in order to check Venice and her expansionist policy in Terraferma.

	date = { day = 25 month = march year = 1450 }
	offset = 30
	deathdate = { day = 7 month = april year = 1454 }

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME297019A" #Stop Venetian hegemony
		command = { type = breakvassal which = VEN }
		command = { type = casusbelli which = VEN value = 36 }
		command = { type = casusbelli which = NAP value = 36 }
		command = { type = alliance which = MLO }
		command = { type = relation which = MLO value = 150 }
		command = { type = relation which = VEN value = -150 }
		command = { type = relation which = NAP value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = FRA value = 75 }
		command = { type = relation which = PRO value = 50 }
	}
	action_b = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME297019B" #Don't help Sforza
		command = { type = breakvassal which = VEN }
		command = { type = DIP which = -2 value = 24 }
		command = { type = relation which = MLO value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = VEN value = 25 }
		command = { type = sleepevent which = 228033 } #MLO: The Battle over Milan
		command = { type = sleepevent which = 297020 } #TOS: The Peace of Lodi
	}
}
#(1450-1454) The Venetian Danger -II- (in case Florence is not vassal to Venice)
#by Bordic
event = {
	id = 297030
	trigger = {
		exists = MLO
		exists = VEN
		event = 326024 #VEN: Another Lombard war
		OR = {
			event = 228004 #MLO: The Sforza
			event = 228006 #MLO: Milan accepts Sforza
		}
		NOT = {
			event = 297019 #TOS: The Venetian Danger
			vassal = { country = VEN country = TOS }
			war = { country = TOS country = MLO }
		}
	}
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME297019" #The Venetian Danger
	desc = "EVENTHIST326024"
	#-#In 1447 Duke Filippo Maria Visconti died without a male heir in his succession to the throne. As a result of this the city of Milan proclaimed the Republic giving the high military command to Francesco Sforza on the purpose to stop Venice from the eastern borders profiting from the Milanese crisis by expanding her dominions beyond Adda River. After 2 years and half of life, isolated and surrounded by the unfaithful Sforza, who in the meanwhile and with the support of Venice turned against the city of Milan aiming at the ducal throne, the Ambrosian Republic eventually ceased to exist. Brought to severe famine the citizenship of Milan was forced to surrender to the condottiero and accept him as their new Duke. As soon as Sforza proclaimed himself successor of Visconti to the throne of Milan and the Holy Roman Emperor didn't acknowledge him the ducal investiture, the war of succession inevitably began. Encouraged by that and as to continued her war of conquest Venice tried to renew her old alliance with Florence. But Florence was now ruled by Cosimo de Medici, a Sforza's friend, who instead resolved to support the condottiero in order to check Venice and her expansionist policy in Terraferma.

	date = { day = 25 month = march year = 1450 }
	offset = 40
	deathdate = { day = 7 month = april year = 1454 }

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME297019A" #Stop Venetian hegemony
		command = { type = stability value = -2 }
		command = { type = casusbelli which = VEN value = 36 }
		command = { type = casusbelli which = NAP value = 36 }
		command = { type = alliance which = MLO }
		command = { type = relation which = MLO value = 150 }
		command = { type = relation which = VEN value = -150 }
		command = { type = relation which = NAP value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = FRA value = 75 }
		command = { type = relation which = PRO value = 50 }
	}
	action_b = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME297019B" #Don't help Sforza
		command = { type = stability value = -1 }
		command = { type = DIP which = -2 value = 24 }
		command = { type = relation which = MLO value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = VEN value = 25 }
		command = { type = sleepevent which = 228033 } #MLO: The Battle over Milan
		command = { type = sleepevent which = 297020 } #TOS: The Peace of Lodi
	}
}

#(1451) Investment in Portuguese discoveries
#by music_theory7, modified by Bordic
event = {
	id = 297026
	random = no
	trigger = {
		exists = POR
		NOT = {	war = { country = TOS country = POR } }
	}
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME297026" #Investment in Portuguese explorations
	desc = "EVENTHIST297026"
	#-#The ubiquitous Florentine bankers had a vested interest in the Portuguese discoveries. New trade routes to the spice trade could be very profitable. Portuguese discovery of sugar also had a impact and soon Florentine investment made up 1/3 of the shares in Lisbon, giving the money Portugal needed to support its ships.

	date = { day = 1 month = August year = 1451 }
	offset = 50
	deathdate = { day = 1 month = January year = 1452 }

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME297026A" #Invest in Lisbon
		command = { type = treasury value = -200 }
	}
	action_b = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME297026B" #Save the money
		command = { type = sleepevent which = 297027 } #TOS: Portuguese Cartography
		command = { type = sleepevent which = 297028 } #TOS: Portugal finds the way to India
		command = { type = vp value = -5 }
	}
}

#(1454) The Peace of Lodi
#by Bordic
event = {
	id = 297020 #triggered by VEN_326038 A
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME228034" #The Peace of Lodi
	desc = "EVENTHIST326038"
	#-#During the war of succession in Milan, all the belligerent nations were brought to exhaustion of money and troops. Francesco Sforza, ruler of Milan and Venice, the chief state of the league confederates, who was more and more threatened by the advancing Ottomans in her eastern Mediterranean territories, convened a cease-fire while a bilateral treaty was hastily signed in Lodi on 7 April 1454. With that treaty Sforza was legitimated Duke of Milan. Without even being called for, Florence and the Pope had no choice then to endorse the treaty. The King of Naples, being a rightful claimant on the ducal throne reluctantly joined the alliance under the condition to keep Genoa out of it. Intended 'infra terminos italicos', that treaty showed the objective impossibility for all the Italian major powers (specifically Milan, Tuscany, Venice, Naples and Papal States) to prevail upon each other in the struggle for the hegemony in Italy and that the better solution was to come to terms with each other. That would have also avoided the practice of very expensive and pointless wars in the next future. Although the treaty actually played a minor part in Italian balance of powers and so won't be able to avoid future wars of aggression from inside as well from outside Italy, the post-Lodi era historically represented a period of relative peace in which the figurative arts definitively flourished in the whole Italian peninsula, as well as economy and trade and, last but not the least, the skills and tricks of the art of diplomacy.

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME297020A" #Sign the treaty and let's have prosperity
		command = { type = stability value = 1 }
		command = { type = diplomats value = 5 }
		command = { type = merchants value = 4 }
	}
}

#(1454) Portuguese Cartographic Knowledge
#by music_theory7, modified by Bordic
event = {
	id = 297027
	trigger = {
		exists = POR
		event = 297026 #TOS: Investment in Portuguese explorations
	}
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME297027" #Portuguese Cartography
	desc = "EVENTHIST297027"
	#-#With Florence investing in several economic and exploration branches in Lisbon, the Florentine Cartographers gained access to the expanding Portuguese cartographic knowledge. This showed several new trade routes as well as more knowledge of the African continent. The new maps showed parts of West Africa and the Atlantic Islands. Portugal would lead the Age of Exploration in Europe.

	date = { day = 1 month = August year = 1454 }

	action_a = {
		name = "EXCELLENT"
		command = { type = trade value = 50 }
		command = { type = naval value = 50 }
	}
}

#(1472) Volterra
#by Isaac Brock
event = {
	id = 17364
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME17364" #The Mine in Volterra
	desc = "EVENTHIST17364"
	#-#In 1472 a contract was granted to a consortium to mine alum from a cave near the Tuscan town of Volterra. There were strong indications that the grant of the contract may have been corrupt, and magistrates from the town seized the mine. Lorenzo de' Medici was asked to mediate and rules in favor of the consortium, who immediately seized the mine, causing violent rioting in Volterra and the murder of some of the members of the consortium. Many influential Florentines argued that the Volterrans should be offered lenient terms to defuse the crisis, but Lorenzo felt that they should be taught a lesson. He hired mercenaries, and after a siege of a month the town was plundered in violation of the terms of surrender. This event is still memorialized in Volterre. What terms should be offered to the Volterrans?

	date = { day = 29 month = april year = 1472 }
	offset = 120
	deathdate = { day = 29 month = december year = 1472 }

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME17364A" #Harsh Terms
		command = { type = merchants value = 3 }
		command = { type = revolt which = 401 } #Firenze
		command = { type = revolt which = 401 } #Firenze
		command = { type = provincetax which = 401 value = -1 } #Firenze
	}
	action_b = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME17364B" #Lenient Terms
		command = { type = stability value = -2 }
		command = { type = treasury value = -20 }
		command = { type = vp value = -20 }
		command = { type = domestic which = centralization value = -1 }
	}
}

#(1478) The Pazzi Conspiracy
#by Isaac Brock
event = {
	id = 17365
	trigger = { event = 17360 } #PAP: Pazzi conspiracy
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME17365" #The Pazzi Conspiracy
	desc = "EVENTHIST17365"
	#-#In April 1478 at high mass in the cathedral of Florence a conspiracy led by the Pazzi family and supported by the Pope attacked Giuliano and Lorenzo de' Medici as the host was elevated. Giuliano was killed by a mercenary, but the two priests assigned to kill Lorenzo only wounded him in the neck. The conspirators were all killed, along with most of their supporters and suspected supporters. The Pope was enraged by the scale of the vengeance wreaked by the Medici's supporters. Lorenzo's hold on Florence was greatly consolidated, but she faced war with the Pope and his ally, Naples.

	date = { day = 26 month = april year = 1478 }

	action_a = {
		name = "OK"
		command = { type = treasury value = 50 }
		command = { type = casusbelli which = PAP value = 12 }
		command = { type = stability value = -1 }
		command = { type = relation which = PAP value = -300 }
		command = { type = domestic which = centralization value = 2 }
		command = { type = INF which = -2 value = 4000 }
		command = { type = CAV which = -2 value = 2000 }
	}
}

#(1480-1490) The Needle of the Italian Compass
#by Solmyr - modified by Isaac Brock: modified this one to make it more anti-intervention in Italy
event = {
	id = 17320
	trigger = { atwar = no }
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME17320" #The Needle of the Italian Compass.
	desc = "EVENTHIST17320"
	#-#After the failure of the Pazzi conspiracy and the ensuing war Lorenzo de' Medici, called the Magnificent for his love of the arts, steered Florence's foreign policy towards the peaceful reconciliation between the major Italian states (Florence, Milan, Venice, Naples and the Papacy) pursuing a constant balance of powers. For the rest of his life he continued the political attitude of his grand-father, Cosimo the Elder, and made Italy a reasonably peaceful place excluding any possible foreign meddling in Italian internal affairs. Later, after his death (1492) Machiavelli will nostalgically remember him as the 'needle of the compass amongst the Italian princes'.

	date = { day = 1 month = january year = 1480 }
	offset = 100
	deathdate = { day = 29 month = december year = 1490 }

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME17320A" #Italy needs peace
		command = { type = relation which = NAP value = 100 } #IB relations toned down 150 to 100
		command = { type = relation which = SIE value = 50 }
		command = { type = relation which = PAP value = 100 } #added back
		command = { type = relation which = MOD value = 50 }
		command = { type = relation which = MAN value = 50 }
		command = { type = relation which = VEN value = 100 }
		command = { type = relation which = GEN value = 50 }
		command = { type = relation which = MLO value = 100 }
		command = { type = relation which = SAV value = 50 }
		command = { type = relation which = FRA value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = SPA value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = HAB value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = TUR value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = ARG value = -50 }
		command = { type = stability value = 3 }
	}
	action_b = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME17320B" #We must look after our own interests
		command = { type = relation which = NAP value = -100 } #IB relations toned down,150 to 100
		command = { type = relation which = SIE value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = MOD value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = MAN value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = VEN value = -100 }
		command = { type = relation which = GEN value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = MLO value = -100 }
		command = { type = relation which = SAV value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = PAP value = -100 } #added back
		command = { type = inf which = -2 value = 10000 }
		command = { type = cav which = -2 value = 5000 }
		command = { type = manpower value = 10 }
	}
}

#(1494) The Statue of Snow - Flavor
#by Tom Corcoran (tpc)
event = {
	id = 297003
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME297003" #The Statue of Snow
	desc = "EVENTHIST297003"
	#-#On January 20, 1494, there was a great snowstorm in Florence which let loose more snow than seen in living memory - heaps of it were piled in the corners of the alleyways. Piero de' Medici was staring out the window of the palace when he saw Michelangelo Buanoarroti walk past and yet another ill-starred idea occurred to him: 'Why not celebrate this extraordinary event by commissioning from the greatest living artist a statue of snow?'. Michelangelo, who held music in contempt for its ephemerality, was not pleased, but he dared not refuse the son of his old patron, so he sculpted a statue of snow. Piero rejoiced at the beauty of it, but we can only guess how the great artist felt when it had melted the very next day. Safe to say, Piero had alienated yet another of his father's old allies.

	date = { day = 20 month = january year = 1494 }

	action_a = {
		name = "OH_NO"
		command = { type = infra value = -250 }
	}
}

#(1494) Portuguese spice trade
#by music_theory7, modified by Bordic
event = {
	id = 297028
	trigger = {
		event = 297026 #TOS: Investment in Portuguese explorations
		exists = POR
	}
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME297028" #Portugal finds the way to India
	desc = "EVENTHIST297028"
	#-#By 1494 Portugal found the way to India and took control of the spice trade away from the Venetians. Since we have made investments in Portugal we, naturally, profit...

	date = { day = 1 month = August year = 1494 }

	action_a = {
		name = "EXCELLENT"
		command = { type = treasury value = 150 }
		command = { type = trade value = 120 }
		command = { type = merchants value = 1 }
	}
}

#(1494) The Rise of Savonarola
#by Savonarola - modified by Isaac Brock
event = {
	id = 17317
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME17317" #The Rise of Savonarola
	desc = "EVENTHIST17317"
	#-#Girolamo Savonarola rose to power in Florence, driving out the despised Piero II de Medici. Savonarola was a Dominican monk, who lead Florence into an age of enforced piety. He oversaw burnings of luxuries, scourging of the wicked and violent denuciations of the excesses of the merchant classes. In 1497, during the carnival, rather than the traditional games and costume parades Savonarola oversaw the famous 'bonfire of the vanities', where numerous paintings, books and clothes that were considered lewd were burned, destroying many of Florence's artistic assets.

	date = { day = 16 month = november year = 1494 }

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME17317A" #Save our Souls!
		command = { type = domestic which = aristocracy value = -4 }
		command = { type = domestic which = centralization value = 2 }
		command = { type = domestic which = innovative value = -3 }
		command = { type = domestic which = quality value = -2 }
		command = { type = relation which = FRA value = 100 }
		command = { type = relation which = PAP value = -100 } #Isaac Brock added from Solmyr: 100 not 400
		command = { type = missionaries value = 3 } #Isaac Brock added from Solmyr
		command = { type = diplomats value = -6 } #Isaac Brock added from Solmyr
		command = { type = stability value = -1 }
	}
}

#(1494-1498) Florentine Fear
#by Toio and modified by Bordic
event = {
	id = 297018
	trigger = {
		OR = {
			event = 12022 #NAP: Charles VIII presses claims on Naples
			event = 170040 #FRA: The French King in Naples
		}
	}
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME297018" #Florentine Fear
	desc = "EVENTHIST297018"
	#-#On the approach of the French in 1494, Piero de' Medici, son and successor of Lorenzo, had suffered a loss of nerve and had left the city to negotiate with Charles VIII. He extracted a promise from the French King to respect the freedom of the city, but only in return for handing over some of the most important fortresses protecting Florentine territory. When the news of this arrangement reached the city, it aroused a great wave of anger and resentment. Piero, forgetting the lessons of his ancestors, had already made himself unpopular by his arrogance and his flaunting of his position. The consequence was an uprising that drove out Piero and his rule and restored a more popular government. The new government admitted the French to the city, and some tense negotiations took place, in which the Florentines feared that Charles would try to restore Piero and become their master. The determination of the citizens to resist these demands, by arms if need be, so impressed Charles that he did not press them, but departed leaving the city its freedom. He held on to the fortresses, including Pisa, which had thrown off Florentine rule at the approach of the French. To regain Pisa was a passion with Florence, and the hope of doing so with French help was one reason why Florence made an alliance with France and stuck to it faithfully during the next few years.

	date = { day = 2 month = September year = 1494 }
	offset = 20
	deathdate = { day = 2 month = April year = 1498 }

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME297018A" #Let's come to terms with Charles
		command = { type = treasury value = -50 }
		command = { type = DIP which = -2 value = 12 }
		command = { type = merchants value = 3 } #lifted French embargo to Florentine merchants
		command = { type = revoltrisk which = 90 value = 5 } #Pisan rebels
		command = { type = relation which = NAP value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = PAP value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = MLO value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = VEN value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = FRA value = -100 }
		command = { type = relation which = HAB value = -50 }
	}
	action_b = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME297018B" #We never bow to the greedy Charles
		command = { type = casusbelli which = FRA value = 36 }
		command = { type = relation which = FRA value = -200 }
		command = { type = relation which = NAP value = 50 }
		command = { type = MIL which = 2 value = 24 } #Pier Capponi
		command = { type = ADM which = -2 value = 60 }
		command = { type = merchants value = -6 } #still French embargo to Florentine merchants
		command = { type = revolt which = 401 } #Firenze #(should be Pisa in a new map)
		command = { type = revoltrisk which = 120 value = 7 }
		command = { type = sleepevent which = 170121 } #FRA: Florence submits to Charles VIII
	}
}

#(1494) Giovanni Pico della Mirandola (1463-1494)
#from Kristeller's gloss in The Renaissance Philosophy of
#Man pp. 215-22, eds. & trans. by Ernst Cassiser, Paul Kristeller,
#& John Herman Randall, Jr., The University of Chicago Press, Chicago,
#1948, the on-line Catholic Encyclopedia http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10352a.htm,
#& The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy, vol 2,
#by Joack Burckhardt, Harper & Rowe, New York, 1958, translated by S.G.C.
#Middlemore, pp. 351-2 & 460 Quote from Oration as found in Burckhardt.
event = {
	id = 297004
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME297004" #Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
	desc = "EVENTHIST331049"
	#-#Born in the Castle of Mirandola (in the Duchy of Modena) at the age of fourteen went to Bologna to study Canon Law, but, repelled by the purely positivist science of Law, he traveled to chief universities of Italy and France where he studied Hebrew, Syriac, Arabic, Latin and Greek as well as the philosophy of Averroes. In December 1486, Pico published in Rome his 900 these and invited all scholars to a public disputation in January, 1487. However, Pope Innocent VIII suspended the disputation and appointed a commission to examine the theses. Pico published an Apologia to defend his theses, but this only made things worse and started a conflict with the Papal authorities that lasted for the rest of his life. Pico then fled to Florence, where he became an important part of the Academy there, even though he stood in opposition to the standard Platonism fashionable there. His most important work - which is still studied by philosophers today - was the Oration on the Dignity of Man, which was probably originally composed in preparation for the disputation. It held that man was separate from the rest of nature not because we were the center of the universe, but because we are free to become either animals or angels, or, that is, anything in it: ''I have set thee,' says the Creator to Adam, 'in the midst of the world, that thou mayst the more easily behold and see all that is therein. I created thee a being neither heavenly nor earthly, neither mortal nor immortal only, that thou mightest be free to shape and to oversome thyself. Thou mayst sink into a beast, and be born anew to the divine likeness. To thee alone is given a growth and a development depending on thine own free will. Thou bearest in thee the germs of a universal life.'' In his later life he dedicated his work to defending Christianity against the Jews and Mohammedans and became a follower of Savonarola. His interest in Kabbalah led to a broad current of Christian Kabbalahism which included John Reuchlin and remained important throughout the 16th century. On Pico's deathbed, Savonarola had a vision where the Virgin came to assure him that Pico would not die. Savonarola explained this vision later by saying that the Virgin meant the 'second' life, not the first. In his funeral oration for his friend, Savonarola criticized Pico for not entering a monastic order, but reassured his audience that Pico would be found safely in Purgatory, due to the preacher's alms and prayers. Pico della Mirandola died on 17 November 1494, the day King Charles VIII entered Italy. The Oration was published posthumously.

	date = { day = 17 month = november year = 1494 }

	action_a = {
		name = "OK"
		command = { type = infra value = 50 }
	}
}

#(1498) Savonarola Challenged
#by Savonarola
event = {
	id = 17318
	trigger = { event = 17317 }
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME17318" #Savonarola Challenged
	desc = "EVENTHIST17318"
	#-#Savonarola made many enemies with his firebrand preaching, not least Pope Alexander VI (Rodrigo Borgia). After tolerating Savonarolas preaching for several years, Alexander VII excommunicated him, and finally had him hung as a common criminal. We can save this pious man.

	date = { day = 21 month = may year = 1498 }

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME17318A" #Hang the Heretic
		command = { type = domestic which = aristocracy value = 3 }
		command = { type = domestic which = centralization value = -4 }
		command = { type = domestic which = innovative value = 1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = quality value = 2 }
		command = { type = sleepmonarch which = 0136008 } #Girolamo Savonarola
		command = { type = wakemonarch which = 0136009 } #Repubblica
		command = { type = wakemonarch which = 0136010 } #Piero Soderini
		command = { type = relation which = FRA value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = PAP value = 50 }
		command = { type = stability value = -1 }
	}
	action_b = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME17318B" #Protect the Holy Man
		command = { type = relation which = PAP value = -200 }
		command = { type = domestic which = centralization value = 1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = innovative value = -1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = quality value = -1 }
		command = { type = stability value = -2 }
		command = { type = sleepmonarch which = 0136009 } #Repubblica
		command = { type = sleepmonarch which = 0136010 } #Piero Soderini
		command = { type = sleepevent which = 17377 } #TOS: Florentine Militia
	}
}

#(1502) Additional Profit from Portugal
#by music_theory7, modified by Bordic
event = {
	id = 297029
	random = no
	trigger = {
		exists = POR
		event = 297026 #TOS: Investment in Portuguese explorations
		event = 297028 #TOS: Portugal finds the way to India
	}
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME297029" #Spice Trade Profits
	desc = "EVENTHIST297029"
	#-#As Portugal finally established a monopoly over the spice trade, Florentine Bankers, who had multiple shares in Portuguese trading companies, had their income doubled as a result of the lucrative spice trade industry. Florentine Bankers had exclusive investing rights, which gave them an edge over the competition.

	date = { day = 1 month = August year = 1502 }

	action_a = {
		name = "EXCELLENT"
		command = { type = treasury value = 300 }
		command = { type = trade value = 220 }
		command = { type = merchants value = 2 }
	}
}

#(1504) Michelangelo - Flavor
#by Henrik 'Doomdark' Fåhraeus
event = {
	id = 5221
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME5221" #Michelangelo
	desc = "EVENTHIST5221"
	#-#Michelangelo was considered the greatest living artist in his lifetime and ever since then he has been held to be one of the greatest artists of all times. A number of his works in painting sculpture and architecture rank among the most famous in existence. Although the frescoes on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel are probably the best known of his works today the artist thought of himself primarily as a sculptor.

	date = { day = 1 month = january year = 1504 }
	offset = 360
	deathdate = { day = 29 month = december year = 1504 }

	action_a = {
		name = "OK"
		command = { type = stability value = 1 }
		command = { type = infra value = 250 }
	}
}

#(1505-1512) The greatest Artist's competition ever
#by Bordic
event = {
	id = 297022
	trigger = {
		monarch = 0136010 #Piero Soderini
		atwar = no
	}
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME297022" #The greatest Artist's competition ever
	desc = "EVENTHIST297022"
	#-#It happened a day that Gonfaloniere Piero Soderini, in order to exalt the values of the Republic, hired two of the best artists living in those times to decorate a wall in the 'Salone dei Cinquecento' in 'Palazzo Vecchio' with two frescos representing two of the most important military successes for the city's history. These two artists were Michelangelo Buonarroti, who chose to represent the 'Battle of Cascina' fought in 1364 between Florence and Pisa, and Leonardo da Vinci, who chose to represent the 'Battle of Anghiari', fought in 1440 between Florence and the Duke of Milan. Instead of a mixture of men and horses fiercely struggling around a flag sketched by Leonardo, Michelangelo focused more on exalting the human action through the representation of several bare figures in movement. It was during his stay in Florence that Leonardo painted his most famous portrait 'la Monna Lisa', also known as 'la Gioconda', named after Francesco Bartolomeo del Giocondo, the husband of the assumedly portraited woman. During his life Leonardo would never separate himself from this 'enigmatic smile'. In the meanwhile Michelangelo was sculpting one of his most famous marble statues 'il David'. Although both the cartoons were ready, unfortunately the frescos commissioned by the Florentine Republic were never realized: Leonardo was invited to come back in Milan by the French King Louis XII, while Michelangelo went to Rome on Pope Julius II's request.

	date = { day = 1 month = january year = 1505 }
	offset = 135
	deathdate = { day = 1 month = january year = 1512 }

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME297022A" #Florentia caput mundi
		command = { type = stability value = 1 }
		command = { type = ADM which = 2 value = 24 }
	}
}

#(1507) Florentine Militia
#by Tom Corcoran (tpc)
event = {
	id = 17377
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME17377" #Florentine Militia
	desc = "EVENTHIST17377"
	#-#Piero Soderini had been elected Gonfalonier (chief magistrate) of Florence for life, and Machiavelli was immediately able to win his favor and become indispensable to the new Florentine ruler. The remarkable influence he had over the head of state enabled Machiavelli to realize his military ideas. For centuries the states of Italy had used mercenary troops in their wars, and Machiavelli had seen in practice their lack of discipline, their faithlessness, and their dangerous arrogance. Inspired both by the military enterprises of ancient Rome and by his own observations in France (where he went on a second mission early in 1504) and in the Romagna (where Cesare Borgia had replaced mercenaries with troops levied from his own territory), Machiavelli ardently pursued the idea of giving the Florentine state a militia of its own, recruited from the citizens under its control. Family rivalries, and reluctance of townsmen to arm men from the country districts around Florence may need to be overcome.

	date = { day = 1 month = june year = 1507 }
	offset = 90 #happens in June, July, or August 1507
	deathdate = { day = 1 month = january year = 1508 }

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME17377A" #Establish Militia
		command = { type = domestic which = ARISTOCRACY value = -1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = SERFDOM value = -1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = land value = 1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = QUALITY value = -2 }
		command = { type = domestic which = OFFENSIVE value = 2 }
		command = { type = land value = 500 }
		command = { type = INF which = -2 value = 10000 }
		command = { type = desertion which = -1 value = 3000 } #mercenaries deserting - largely to balance the event#
		command = { type = provincemanpower which = -2 value = 4 }
		command = { type = stability value = -1 }
		command = { type = setflag which = [militia] }
		command = { type = treasury value = -300 }
	}
	action_b = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME17377B" #Rely on Mercenaries
		command = { type = CAV which = -2 value = 2000 }
		command = { type = stability value = 2 }
		command = { type = clrflag which = [militia] }
	}
}

#(1511) Council of Pisa
#by Annibale
event = {
	id = 17378
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME17378" #Council of Pisa
	desc = "EVENTHIST17378"
	#-#King Louis XII of France has sponsored a schismatic council to oppose the Papacy in the Tuscan city of Pisa, since this has brought upon the Florentines the rage of the warrior Pope Julius II, we must decide quickly how best to act. Do we send Machiavelli as an ambassador to France in an attempt to diplomatically resolve the situation, or do we send him to Pisa to immediately dissolve the schismatic council?

	date = { day = 1 month = january year = 1511 }
	offset = 360
	deathdate = { day = 1 month = january year = 1512 }

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME17378A" #France
		command = { type = trigger which = 17379 } #PAP: Wrath of God
		command = { type = relation which = FRA value = 50 }
		command = { type = relation which = PAP value = -50 }
	}
	action_b = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME17378B" #Pisa
		command = { type = trigger which = 17380 } #FRA: Rage of Louis
		command = { type = relation which = FRA value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = PAP value = 50 }
	}
}

#(1512) Cadorna attacks Florence - undoes the republic and militia sliders
#by Isaac Brock - modified by Isaac Brock & Tom Corcoran (tpc)
event = {
	id = 17366
	trigger = { flag = [militia] }
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME17366" #Florence attacked
	desc = "EVENTHIST17366"
	#-#Cardinal Giovanni de' Medici intrigued continually against the republic of Florence with either France or Spain, whoever he felt could help him return the Medici to power. In the aftermath of the Council of Florence he was able to get support from Spain, and accompanied an army that invaded Tuscany. The Tuscan militia could not stop the advance of this army, and as it neared Florence Giovanni opened negotiations with the city. Piero Soderini offered to step down to allow the Medici to return, but the city refused to accept Medici rule. The cardinal's army captured and pillaged the nearby town of Prato, after which Florence submitted. What should we do?

	date = { day = 1 month = august year = 1512 }
	offset = 30
	deathdate = { day = 29 month = december year = 1512 }

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME17366A" #Defy the Medici
		command = { type = desertion which = -1 value = 10000 }
		command = { type = provincemanpower which = -2 value = -4 }
		command = { type = stability value = 1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = centralization value = 2 }
		command = { type = domestic which = aristocracy value = 2 }
		command = { type = domestic which = serfdom value = 2 }
		command = { type = domestic which = quality value = 2 }
		command = { type = domestic which = land value = -1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = offensive value = -2 }
		command = { type = provincetax which = -2 value = -1 }
	}
	action_b = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME17366B" #Let Soderini resign
		command = { type = stability value = -3 }
		command = { type = desertion which = -1 value = 10000 }
		command = { type = provincemanpower which = -2 value = -4 }
		command = { type = domestic which = centralization value = 1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = aristocracy value = 1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = serfdom value = 1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = quality value = 2 }
		command = { type = domestic which = land value = -1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = offensive value = -2 }
		command = { type = clrflag which = [TOS_Republic] }
		command = { type = flagname which = "" }
		#in order to avoid TOS_297043 firing after this event even with right deathdate:
		command = { type = sleepevent which = 297043 } #TOS: Florence civic pride
	}
}
#(1512) Cadorna attacks Florence minus the militia version - undoes some republic sliders
#by Isaac Brock - modified by Isaac Brock & Tom Corcoran (tpc)
event = {
	id = 71318
	trigger = {
		NOT = { flag = [militia] }
	}
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME71318" #Florence attacked
	desc = "EVENTHIST71318"
	#-#Cardinal Giovanni de' Medici intrigued continually against the republic of Florence with either France or Spain, whoever he felt could help him return the Medici to power. In the aftermath of the Council of Florence he was able to get support from Spain, and accompanied an army that invaded Tuscany. The Tuscan militia could not stop the advance of this army, and as it neared Florence Giovanni opened negotiations with the city. Piero Soderini offered to step down to allow the Medici to return, but the city refused to accept Medici rule. Because the city refused to submit, the cardinal's army captured and pillaged the nearby town of Prato after which Florence submitted. What should we do about Soderini's offer?

	date = { day = 1 month = august year = 1512 }
	offset = 30
	deathdate = { day = 29 month = december year = 1512 }

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME71318A" #Defy the Medici
		command = { type = stability value = 1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = centralization value = 2 }
		command = { type = domestic which = aristocracy value = 1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = serfdom value = 1 }
		command = { type = provincetax which = -2 value = -1 }
	}
	action_b = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME71318B" #Let Soderini resign
		command = { type = stability value = -3 }
		command = { type = domestic which = centralization value = 1 }
		command = { type = clrflag which = [TOS_Republic] }
		command = { type = flagname which = "" }
		#in order to avoid TOS_297043 firing after this event even with right deathdate:
		command = { type = sleepevent which = 297043 } #TOS: Florence civic pride
	}
}

#(1512-1513) The Medici Restoration (in case Florence has submitted to Charles VIII in his Italian campaign)
#by Bordic
event = {
	id = 297021
	trigger = {
		event = 170121 #FRA: Florence submits to Charles VIII
		vassal = { country = FRA country = TOS }
		OR = {
			event = 17366 #TOS: Florence attacked
			event = 71318 #TOS: Florence attacked
		}
	}
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME297021" #The Medici Restoration
	desc = "EVENTHIST297021"
	#-#The first experiment of a Populist Republic governed by means of a 'Gonfalonierato' and a 'Consiglio Maggiore' was miserably at the end when the Spanish troops hired by Cardinal Giovanni de' Medici (the future Pope Leo X) and led by Raimondo di Cardona, viceroy of Naples, entered Tuscany and fiercely sacked Prato as to impress the Florentine citizenship about the end of their city in case they wouldn't surrender. Florence hadn't still arranged any defense and the Medici's party easily took power deposed Soderini and let the Medici family enter the city. Even if the Republic was not formally abolished, the Medici actually became the masters of Florence.

	date = { day = 1 month = august year = 1512 }
	offset = 90
	deathdate = { day = 29 month = august year = 1513 }

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME297021A" #Up the Medici!
		command = { type = clrflag which = [TOS_Republic] }
		command = { type = flagname which = "" }
		#in order to avoid TOS_297043 firing after this event even with right deathdate:
		command = { type = sleepevent which = 297043 } #TOS: Florence civic pride
		command = { type = breakvassal which = FRA }
		command = { type = stability value = 2 }
		command = { type = treasury value = -50 } #for the truce with Cardona
		command = { type = relation which = NAP value = 25 }
		command = { type = relation which = PAP value = 25 }
		command = { type = relation which = SPA value = 25 }
		command = { type = relation which = ARG value = 25 }
	}
}

#(1513) Machiavelli deposed - Flavor
#by Tom Corcoran (tpc)
event = {
	id = 297002
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME297002" #Machiavelli deposed
	desc = "EVENTHIST297002"
	#-#In September 1512, Piero Soderini's government fell and by November, Machiavelli had lost his position as secretary of Florence. Soon after he was barred from leaving Florence, barred access to the Palazzo, and a bond of 1,000 gold florins. Four months after his dismissal, a plot is discovered to assassinate either cardinal Giovanni Medici or Giuliano Medici and Machiavelli's name is on a list of possible supporters. A warrant for his arrest is posted and after Machiavelli presents himself to the authorities, he is thrown in the prison palazzo Bargello. In jail, Machiavelli is held in shackles and regularly subjected to the torture known as 'the rope' or strappado. He spent his time there writing poetry about his circumstances, noting that he could hear the priests praying for the souls of the soon-to-be-executed beneath his cell window. On 11 March 1513, Cardinal Giovanni Medici is elected Pope and becomes Leo X. He announces a general amnesy upon his ascension and Machiavelli is released from prison.

	date = { day = 11 month = march year = 1513 }

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME297002A" #God works in strange ways
		command = { type = domestic which = innovative value = 1 }
		command = { type = infra value = 500 }
		command = { type = stability value = 1 }
		command = { type = land value = -500 }
		command = { type = clrflag which = [TOS_Republic] }
		command = { type = flagname which = "" }
		#in order to avoid TOS_297043 firing after this event even with right deathdate:
		command = { type = sleepevent which = 297043 } #TOS: Florence civic pride
	}
}

#(1513) Niccolò Machiavelli publishes 'The Prince' - Flavor
#by Henrik 'Doomdark' Fåhraeus
event = {
	id = 5220
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME5220" #Machiavelli publishes 'The Prince'
	desc = "EVENTHIST5220"
	#-#Niccolò Machiavelli was an Italian writer and statesman Florentine patriot and original political theorist whose principal work 'The Prince' brought him a reputation of amoral cynicism. Yet Machiavelli's affections always lay with the republic and all of his theories were intended for its betterment but the corruption of the times the weakness of the states of Italy and the threat of foreign conquest made him long for that 'new prince' who might give reality to his great dream of the redemption of Italy.

	date = { day = 1 month = june year = 1513 }
	offset = 200
	deathdate = { day = 29 month = december year = 1513 }

	action_a = {
		name = "OK"
		command = { type = relation which = -1 value = 20 }
		command = { type = relation which = -1 value = 20 }
		command = { type = relation which = -1 value = 20 }
		command = { type = relation which = -1 value = 20 }
		command = { type = diplomats value = 3 }
		command = { type = domestic which = ARISTOCRACY value = 1 }
		command = { type = add_countryculture which = lombard }
	}
}

#(1523-1525) Pope Clement VII
#by Isaac Brock
event = {
	id = 17367
	trigger = {
		exists = PAP
		NOT = { war = { country = TOS country = PAP } }
	}
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME17367" #Pope Clement VII
	desc = "EVENTHIST17367"
	#-#In 1523 Cardinal Giulio de' Medici, who had been ruling Florence, was elected as Pope Clement VII. He sent his illegitimate relatives to be nominal rulers of Florence, but as both were minors he maintained his control of the city through papal legates who were resident in the Medici Palazzo in Florence.

	date = { day = 1 month = august year = 1523 }
	offset = 90
	deathdate = { day = 1 month = march year = 1525 }

	action_a = {
		name = "OK"
		command = { type = stability value = 1 }
		command = { type = DIP which = 1 value = 12 }
		command = { type = trigger which = 17368 } #PAP: Election of Clement VII
		command = { type = domestic which = innovative value = -1 }
	}
}

#(1525) The Staging of Mandragola - Flavor
#by Tom Corcoran (tpc)
event = {
	id = 297000
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME297000" #The Staging of Mandragola
	desc = "EVENTHIST297000"
	#-#In 1525, Machiavelli staged his comic play, Mandragola -- considered by many to be the beginning of modern Italian drama. It is an incredible testament to the man who wrote The Prince that he could also be the author of the lines : He who makes no test, Oh Love, of your great power, must hope in vain ever to have true faith in Heaven's highest worth. The friar cares not for the health of souls, but only for the fattening of his pockets. And Machiavelli asserts the superiority of classical values to medieval ones judging his times degenerate and having the protagonist say : 'And in Hell how many worthy men there are!'. Still, in Mandragola you find evidence of a new European idea of drama as Machiavelli includes wry criticisms of contemporary dramatic theory inside the body of the play. As the eminent scholar of Machiavelli, Allen Gilbert, wrote, 'Not to know Mandragola is not to know The Prince'.

	date = { day = 1 month = january year = 1525 }
	offset = 360 #I don't know the exact date of the staging
	deathdate = { day = 29 month = december year = 1525 }

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME297000A" #La Dolce Vita
		command = { type = infra value = 500 }
	}
}

#(1527) Establishment of Republic - 17 May 1527 IRL
#by Isaac Brock
event = {
	id = 17381
	trigger = {
		OR = {
			event = 17407 #SPA: Sack of Rome
			event = 17408 #HAB: Sack of Rome
		}
	}
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME17381" #The second Florentine Republic
	desc = "EVENTHIST17381"
	#-#After the sack of Rome by Charles V troops in 1527 Pope Clement VII was trapped in a castle outside Rome. Discontent in Florence became very serious and there was rioting. What should we do?

	date = { day = 1 month = january year = 1527 }
	offset = 20
	deathdate = { day = 1 month = january year = 1528 }

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME17381A" #Establish a Republic
		command = { type = flagname which = "Republic" }
		command = { type = breakvassal which = PAP }
		command = { type = stability value = 2 }
		command = { type = domestic which = centralization value = -3 }
		command = { type = domestic which = aristocracy value = -1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = serfdom value = -1 }
		command = { type = wakemonarch which = 0136014 } #Repubblica
		command = { type = sleepmonarch which = 0136013 } #Giulio de' Medici
		command = { type = wakeleader which = 0136303 } #Ferrucci (TOS)
	}
	action_b = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME17381B" #Let the Pope rule
		command = { type = stability value = -2 }
		command = { type = relation which = PAP value = 50 }
		command = { type = revolt which = -2 }
		command = { type = revolt which = -2 }
		command = { type = sleepevent which = 285075 } #SPA: The Treaty of Barcelona between the Emperor and the Pope
	}
}

#(1530) Duchy of Tuscany War version
#by Isaac Brock
event = {
	id = 17382
	trigger = {
		event = 17381 #TOS: The second Florentine Republic
		event = 251048 #PAP: the Treaty of Barcelona
	}
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME17382" #The Duchy of Tuscany
	desc = "EVENTHIST17382"
	#-#After the fall of Rome the Pope was able to reconcile with the Emperor and engage an army to restore the Medici to Florence. With Michelangelo in charge of the defensive works, the city was besieged. It held out from October 1529 to August 1530 while Florentine troops tried to lift the siege. After the battle of Gavinana, in which the Florentine army was destroyed, the city could hold out no longer. Alessandro de' Medici was accepted back into Florence, and the emperor made him Duke.

	date = { day = 24 month = september year = 1530 }
	offset = 30
	deathdate = { day = 29 month = december year = 1530 }

	action_a = {
		name = "OH_WELL"
		command = { type = flagname which = "" }
		#command = { type = stability value = 1 }#now added in the militia event
		command = { type = domestic which = innovative value = -1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = centralization value = 2 }
		command = { type = domestic which = aristocracy value = 2 }
		#command = { type = domestic which = serfdom value = 2 } moved this to the militia event
		command = { type = provincetax which = 401 value = -1 } #Firenze
		command = { type = inflation value = 10 }
		command = { type = treasury value = -50 } #indemnity
		command = { type = relation which = HAB value = 50 }
		command = { type = relation which = PAP value = 80 }
	}
}

#(1530) The Military of the Medici Restoration
#by Tom Corcoran (tpc)
event = {
	id = 297001
	random = no
	trigger = {
		event = 17382 #TOS: Duchy of Tuscany War version
		flag = [militia] #milita established in 1507
	}
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME297001" #The Military of the Medici Restoration
	desc = "EVENTHIST297001"
	#-#The republican government had resurrected Machiavelli's 'Nine of Militia' in 1527 and added some innovations of their own - most notably conscription for city citizens themselves. The reconstructed militia proved itself to be formidable in the contest with Charles V and could well be a useful tool for the future grandeur of Florence. However, keeping citizens in arms contains risks for those who mean to rule, and rule absolutely. The new Duke, Alessandro de' Medici faced a decisionabout how to establish his military.

	date = { day = 24 month = october year = 1530 }
	offset = 30
	deathdate = { day = 24 month = october year = 1531 }

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME297001A" #End the Militia - it's not politically reliable
		command = { type = domestic which = serfdom value = 2 }
		command = { type = stability value = 1 }
		command = { type = land value = -500 }
		command = { type = CAV which = -2 value = 2000 }
	}
	action_b = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME297001B" #Continue the militia reforms.
		command = { type = provincemanpower which = -2 value = 4 }
		command = { type = domestic which = land value = 1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = offensive value = 2 }
		command = { type = revoltrisk which = 60 value = 6 }
		command = { type = stability value = -3 }
		command = { type = land value = 500 }
	}
}

#(1534) Duchy of Tuscany No Republic version
#by Isaac Brock
event = {
	id = 17383
	random = no
	trigger = {
		NOT = { event = 251048 } #PAP: the Treaty of Barcelona
		event = 17381 #TOS: The second Florentine Republic
	}
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME17383" #The Duchy of Tuscany
	desc = "EVENTHIST17383"
	#-#The attempt to establish a Republic had failed because of strong diverging forces in the way of how to administrate the city. So when Pope Clement VII died he was succeeded in the rule of Florence by Alessandro de' Medici, who was created Duke of Tuscany by the Emperor. The citizenship swore allegiance to the new Florentine ruler.

	date = { day = 24 month = september year = 1534 }
	offset = 30
	deathdate = { day = 29 month = december year = 1534 }

	action_a = {
		name = "OK"
		command = { type = flagname which = "" }
		command = { type = domestic which = innovative value = -1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = centralization value = -1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = aristocracy value = 1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = serfdom value = 1 }
		command = { type = treasury value = -50 } #bribe to emperor
		command = { type = relation which = HAB value = 50 }
	}
}

#(1537) Assassination of Alessandro
#by Isaac Brock
event = {
	id = 17384
	random = no
	trigger = {
		OR = {
			event = 17383 #Duchy of Tuscany
			event = 17382 #Duchy of Tuscany
		}
	}
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME17384" #The Assassination of Alessandro de' Medici
	desc = "EVENTHIST17384"
	#-#Alessandro wore out his welcome quite quickly. He smashed the cities great bell to symbolize the end of the republic, impounded all weapons in the city, and built a citadel to secure his control of the city. With his cousin Lorenzaccio he spent his evenings with drinks and prostitutes. However, Lorenzaccio had set his mind to emulating Brutus. By suggesting to Alessandro that sleeping with a cousin of his would demonstrate that he was a great seducer, Lorenzaccio enticed Alessandro to a bedroom where he stabbed him through the stomach. His fame assured Lorenzaccio then fled Florence. In the city the council met, and ultimately invited Cosimo de' Medici a great grandson of Lorenzo il Magnifico to rule Florence.

	date = { day = 6 month = january year = 1537 }
	offset = 30
	deathdate = { day = 29 month = december year = 1537 }

	action_a = {
		name = "OH_WELL"
		command = { type = stability value = -2 }
		command = { type = MIL which = -2 value = 12 }
		command = { type = diplomats value = -3 }
		command = { type = merchants value = -3 }
		command = { type = ADM which = -2 value = 12 }
		command = { type = DIP which = -2 value = 12 }
	}
}

#(1552) Revolt in Siena - Habsburgs request help
#by Isaac Brock
event = {
	id = 17357 #triggered by SPA_17356 A / HAB_17359 A
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME17357" #Revolt in Siena
	desc = "EVENTHIST17357"
	#-#In 1549 after increasing turmoil in Siena, the Spanish representative of the city, Don Diego di Mendoza, decided to build a fortress to ensure Spanish control of the territory. This decision was received with horror by the Sienese who begged with Charles V not to proceed. He refused, and several Sienese citizens in Rome received aid from French agents and collected an army. In 1552, as they marched on Siena the people revolted and threw out the Spanish troops, and an independent Siena took up a pro-French policy. Henri II, King of France, tried to exploit the situation by sending there an army led by Paul de Termes, who was successively substituted by Strozzi when an invasion of Corsica was attempted with the help of the Turkish fleet. On Emperor Charles V's decision to inflict an exemplary punishment upon the rebeling city, Cosimo I Duke of Tuscany responded to his call by invading and pillaging the villages surrounding Siena with the help of Spanish/imperial troops. After a year long siege laid by Medeghino and his Florentine troops, the city of Siena was eventually taken.

	action_a = {
		name = "OK"
		command = { type = casusbelli which = SIE value = 12 }
		command = { type = relation which = SIE value = -100 }
	}
}

#(1558-1560) The Knights of Santo Stefano
#by Isaac Brock
event = {
	id = 17376
	trigger = {
		NOT = { relation = { country = TUR data = -50 } }
	}
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME17376" #The Knights of Santo Stefano
	desc = "EVENTHIST17376"
	#-#Inspired by the successes of the Knights of St. John in fighting the Turks, Grand Duke Cosimo I set up the order of the Knights of Santo Stefano. Based out of Pisa their role was to serve the Grand Duke when he needed naval support and to defend Tuscan interests in the Mediterranean. They played a role in many of the great conflicts in the Mediterranean against the Ottomans, including the battle of Lepanto (1572) and the siege of Candia (1645-1669). When not at war they engaged in piracy against Turkish, and occasionally Venetian shipping. This was the first naval force Tuscany had ever had, and represented a change in the military stance of the Tuscan state.

	date = { day = 1 month = january year = 1558 }
	offset = 360
	deathdate = { day = 1 month = january year = 1560 }

	action_a = {
		name = "OK"
		command = { type = naval value = 1000 }
		command = { type = domestic which = LAND value = -1 }
		command = { type = galleys which = 401 value = 5 } #Firenze
	}
}

#(1559-1574) The Grand Duchy of Tuscany
event = {
	id = 297023 #triggered by SIE_257006 A
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME297023" #The Grand Duchy of Tuscany
	desc = "EVENTHIST257006"
	#-#In 1552 Siena rebelled to Emperor Charles V. As answer he sent troops to besiege the city to inflict an exemplary punishment upon it. After long siege the city of Siena eventually surrendered on 17 April 1555 and was forced to renew her allegiance to the Emperor. The Emperor, in return, granted the Republican liberty of the Sienese state and confirmed her magistrates. He also abandoned the project to build a new fortress offering a garrison at his expenses and conceded the general pardon to the citizenship. The Sienese republic would remain under imperial protection until 1557, when Felipe II King of Spain assigned the administration of the Sienese territory to Duke Cosimo I de' Medici with the exception of the Sienese coastal cities which constituted the Spanish State of Presidi. The fate of Siena was confirmed by the treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis in 1559.

	action_a = {
		name = "OK"
		command = { type = inherit which = SIE }
		command = { type = addcore which = 400 } #Siena
	}
}
#(1559-1574) The defiance of Siena
event = {
	id = 297033 #triggered by SIE_257006 B
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME297033" #The defiance of Siena
	desc = "EVENTHIST257006"
	#-#In 1552 Siena rebelled to Emperor Charles V. As answer he sent troops to besiege the city to inflict an exemplary punishment upon it. After long siege the city of Siena eventually surrendered on 17 April 1555 and was forced to renew her allegiance to the Emperor. The Emperor, in return, granted the Republican liberty of the Sienese state and confirmed her magistrates. He also abandoned the project to build a new fortress offering a garrison at his expenses and conceded the general pardon to the citizenship. The Sienese republic would remain under imperial protection until 1557, when Felipe II King of Spain assigned the administration of the Sienese territory to Duke Cosimo I de' Medici with the exception of the Sienese coastal cities which constituted the Spanish State of Presidi. The fate of Siena was confirmed by the treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis in 1559.

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME297033A" #Siena doesn't respect the treaty
		command = { type = addcore which = 400 } #Siena
	}
}

#(1560-1574) Fortification of Tuscany under Cosimo I Siena version
#by Isaac Brock
event = {
	id = 17374
	trigger = {
		NOT = { event = 17373 } #fortification No Siena version
		owned = { province = 400 data = -1 }
		control = { province = 400 data = -1 }
		owned = { province = 401 data = -1 }
		control = { province = 401 data = -1 }
	}
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME17374" #Cosimo I's fortifications
	desc = "EVENTHIST17374"
	#-#After the devastation of the Italian wars Grand Duke Cosimo I of Tuscany built a network of modern fortresses to guard all the entrances to Tuscany.

	date = { day = 1 month = january year = 1560 }
	offset = 60
	deathdate = { day = 20 month = April year = 1574 } #Cosimo's death

	action_a = {
		name = "OK"
		command = { type = fortress which = 401 value = 1 } #Firenze
		command = { type = fortress which = 400 value = 1 } #Siena
		command = { type = sleepevent which = 17373 } #TOS: fortification No Siena version
	}
}
#(1569-1574) Fortification of Tuscany under Cosimo I No Siena version
#by Isaac Brock
event = {
	id = 17373
	trigger = {
		NOT = { event = 17374 } #fortification Siena version
		NOT = { owned = { province = 400 data = -1 } } #Siena
		owned = { province = 401 data = -1 }
		control = { province = 401 data = -1 }
	}
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME17373" #Cosimo I's fortifications
	desc = "EVENTHIST17373"
	#-#After the devastation of the Italian wars Grand Duke Cosimo I of Tuscany built a network of modern fortresses to guard all the entrances to Tuscany.

	date = { day = 0 month = january year = 1569 }
	offset = 30
	deathdate = { day = 20 month = April year = 1574 } #Cosimo's death

	action_a = {
		name = "OK"
		command = { type = fortress which = 401 value = 1 } #Firenze
		command = { type = sleepevent which = 17374 } #TOS: fortification Siena version
	}
}

#(1571-1573) The Holy League
#by Joakim 'Greven' Bergqwist - modified by YodaMaster
event = {
	id = 3650
	trigger = {
		exists = TUR
		OR = {
			event = 3549 #PAP: The Holy League
			event = 236000 #MUS: The Holy League (no Papal States)
		}
	}
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME3549" #The Holy League
	desc = "EVENTHIST3549"
	#-#When in 1570 the Turks sent an ultimatum to Venice asking for the ceding of Cyprus and then invaded the island after the Republic of San Marco failed to respond, a great uproar was created in the Catholic world by the facts and rumors of Ottoman atrocities in the last Christian bastion of the eastern Mediterranean. After a first failure in the summer of 1570, Pope Pius V managed to convince major Catholic nations (except France) to join a Holy League against the heathens Turks, and it was proclaimed in May 1571. The League would lead to the great naval victory of Don Juan on the Turks at Lepanto, but would not outlast this first and final triumph. Selim II is rumored to have said, after the news he had lost 200 galleys at Lepanto: At Lepanto, the Christians have shaved me. At Cyprus, I cut their arm. My beard will grow again….

	date = { day = 7 month = may year = 1571 }
	offset = 30
	deathdate = { day = 13 month = april year = 1573 }

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME3161A" #Support the Holy League
		command = { type = casusbelli which = TUR value = 72 }
		command = { type = relation which = TUR value = -150 }
		command = { type = relation which = PAP value = 50 }
		command = { type = relation which = FRA value = 50 }
		command = { type = relation which = GEN value = 50 }
		command = { type = relation which = ITA value = 50 }
		command = { type = relation which = KNI value = 50 }
		command = { type = relation which = NAP value = 50 }
		command = { type = relation which = SAV value = 50 }
		command = { type = relation which = SIC value = 50 }
		command = { type = relation which = SPA value = 50 }
		command = { type = relation which = VEN value = 50 }
	}
	action_b = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME3549B" #Let the matter fall
		command = { type = relation which = TUR value = 50 }
		command = { type = relation which = PAP value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = FRA value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = GEN value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = ITA value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = KNI value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = NAP value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = SAV value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = SIC value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = SPA value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = VEN value = -50 }
	}
}

#(1583-1820) Unification of Tuscany/Assimilation of Siena
#by Isaac Brock
event = {
	id = 17375
	trigger = {
		NOT = {
			core = { province = 400 data = -1 } #Siena
		}
		owned = { province = 400 data = -1 } #Siena
		atwar = no
	}
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME17375" #Unification of Tuscany
	desc = "EVENTHIST17375"
	#-#The Republic of Siena lost her independence during the Italian Wars and by the late 16th century was becoming fully integrated into the Tuscan state. The separation of the components of Tuscany was over and Florentines no longer dominated the administration of the state.

	date = { day = 1 month = january year = 1583 }
	offset = 1080
	deathdate = { year = 1820 }

	action_a = {
		name = "OK"
		command = { type = addcore which = 400 } #Siena
		command = { type = DIP which = 2 value = 36 }
		command = { type = infra value = 100 }
	}
}

#(1610-1612) Galileo at Firenze
#by mfigueras
event = {
	id = 5226
	trigger = { domestic = { type = innovative value = 2 } }
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME5226" #Galileo Galilei: the modern science is born
	desc = "EVENTHIST5226"
	#-#Galileo was born in Pisa in Tuscany and he is chiefly remembered for his work on free fall, his use of the telescope and his employment of experimentation. Early in his career he determined that repetition time of a pendulum was the same regardless of the amplitude of the oscillation. He determined, experimentally, that objects do not fall with velocities proportionate to their weight, that was a direct contradiction of the teachings of Aristotle. In 1609 he built a telescope and began detailed observations of the sky. However his disagreements with the Aristotelean canon made his life at the University of Padua increasingly difficult as he met accusations from the Church and the opposition of detractors at the University. In 1610 Cosimo II invited him to come to Florence and continue his work away from his opponents.

	date = { day = 1 month = june year = 1610 }
	offset = 360
	deathdate = { day = 1 month = september year = 1612 }

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME5226A" #Appoint Galileo as Mathematician to the Grand Duke
		command = { type = treasury value = -50 }
		command = { type = domestic which = innovative value = 1 }
		command = { type = infra value = 100 }
		command = { type = sleepevent which = 5228 } #VEN: Galileo Galilei publishes the 'Dialogues'
	}
	action_b = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME5226B" #We don't need him
		command = { type = infra value = -50 }
		command = { type = sleepevent which = 5227 } #TOS: Galileo Galilei publishes the 'Dialogues'
	}
}

#(1632) Galileo publishes the Dialogues (TOS)
#by mfigueras
#text from Mac Tutor History of Mathematics
#http://turnbull.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/index.html
event = {
	id = 5227
	trigger = { event = 5226 }
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME5227" #Galileo Galilei publishes the 'Dialogues'
	desc = "EVENTHIST5227"
	#-#In Florence Galileo continued his work on motion and on mechanics, and began to get involved in disputes about Copernicanism. Galileo showed a marked tendency to use all his discoveries as evidence for Copernicanism, and to do so with great verbal as well as mathematical skill. Copernicanism was in contradiction with Scripture, and in 1616 Galileo was given some kind of secret, but official, warning that he was not to defend Copernicanism. Just what was said on this occasion was to become a subject for dispute when Galileo was accused of departing from this undertaking in his 'Dialogue concerning the two greatest world systems', published in Florence in 1632.

	date = { day = 1 month = march year = 1632 }
	offset = 20
	deathdate = { day = 29 month = august year = 1632 }

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME5227A" #Allow Galileo to publish his work
		command = { type = revoltrisk which = 12 value = 5 } #changed by IB from RR 7 to RR 5
		command = { type = infra value = 50 }
		command = { type = relation which = PAP value = -25 }
	}
	action_b = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME5227B" #No this is too revolutionary
		command = { type = domestic which = innovative value = -1 }
		command = { type = relation which = PAP value = 25 }
		command = { type = sleepevent which = 5225 } #PAP: The trial against Galileo
	}
}

#(1633-1670) The Economic Crisis
#by Bordic
event = {
	id = 297024 #triggered by ProvinceSpec_338237
	trigger = {
		owned = { province = 401 data = -1 } #Florence
	}
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME220013" #The Economic Crisis
	desc = "EVENTHIST220013"
	#-#The Spanish hegemony in the Italian peninsula was exercised by means of heavy bureaucracy and harsh taxation directly in the Habsburg dominions of Milan and Naples and indirectly in the rest of the peninsula by forcing the other minor Italian states to respect Spanish economic and diplomatic directives. The vassalage to Spain, which granted to some extent an enduring peace in Italy afer the Italian Wars, which the historians would call 'the pax hispanica', together with the disuse of the Mediterranean sea as international trade route towards the East Indies brought the Italian economic system to eventually collapse. As a result of this agriculture will become the prevailing economic activity in Italy until the end of XIXth century. That meant the coming back to power of the landowning aristocracy.

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME220013A" #We hope for better times!
		command = { type = stability value = -2 }
		command = { type = domestic which = ARISTOCRACY value = 1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = INNOVATIVE value = -1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = MERCANTILISM value = 1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = SERFDOM value = 1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = LAND value = 1 }
		command = { type = trade value = -500 }
		command = { type = infra value = -500 }
		command = { type = naval value = -500 }
	}
}

#(1639-1641) Castro War - Florence
event = {
	id = 17437 #triggered by PAR_390023 A
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME251051" #The Castro Wars (1641-1649)
	desc = "EVENTHIST390023"
	#-#Fought against the expansionist policies of the Papacy, it began with the Papal seizure of Ferrara when the legitimate d'Este line ended in 1598. They also absorbed Urbino when its ruling family, the della Rovere died out in 1631. Moreover the Pope insisted on papal primacy, making every bishop in northern Italy a petty tyrant and straining relations with the local ruling princes. When Pope Urban VIII banned Parmesan grain imports then occupied Farnese Castro for failing to repay Roman creditors, Duke Odoardo Farnese responded with his own military expedition with his allies Modena, Tuscany and Venice (who all lost lands to the Pope). After a crushing the Papal Army at Lagoscuro in 1644 the ban was lifted and Farnese compelled to continue repaying his debt. The conflict was renewed in 1649 by Odoardo's successor Ranuccio II who discontinued the payments rendered by his father to the Roman creditors. In response Pope Innocent X reoccupied Castro and razed the city, compelling Farnese to cede Castro and its nearby territories to the Papacy.

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME17436A" #Support Farnese
		command = { type = casusbelli which = PAP value = 72 }
		command = { type = relation which = PAP value = -75 }
		command = { type = relation which = PAR value = 50 }
		command = { type = relation which = VEN value = 50 }
		command = { type = relation which = MOD value = 50 }
	}
	action_b = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME17436B" #Support the Pope
		command = { type = relation which = PAP value = 75 }
		command = { type = relation which = PAR value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = VEN value = -50 }
		command = { type = relation which = MOD value = -50 }
	}
}

#(1675-1715) Economic and Social Decadence
#by Bordic
event = {
	id = 297032
	trigger = {
		NOT = {
			countrysize = 10
			domestic = { type = innovative value = 9 }
			domestic = { type = serfdom value = 3 }
			domestic = { type = aristocracy value = 1 }
			event = 338232 #ProvinceSpec*389: The plague in Milan
		}
	}
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME251066" #Economic and Social Decadence
	desc = "EVENTHIST251066"
	#-#In the late XVIIth century, the disuse of the Mediterranean sea as the main international trade junction between Europa and the East Indies brought the Italian economic system to collapse. Italy became more removed from the mainstream of European development and each local administration along the peninsula lagged behind that of any other European contemporary. The practice of agriculture as prevailing economic activity meant the coming back to power of the most conservative landowning aristocracy. That economic backwardness associated with the effects of Counterreform deeply affected Italian social life too, now less and less inclined to accept innovation and to develop some entrepreneurial attitude.

	date = { day = 12 month = january year = 1675 }
	offset = 60
	deathdate = { day = 0 month = january year = 1715 }

	action_a = {
		name = "ALAS"
		command = { type = stability value = -1 }
		command = { type = provincetax which = -2 value = -2 }
		command = { type = provincemanpower which = -2 value = -1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = ARISTOCRACY value = 1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = CENTRALIZATION value = -1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = INNOVATIVE value = -1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = MERCANTILISM value = 1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = SERFDOM value = 1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = LAND value = 1 }
		command = { type = trade value = -500 }
		command = { type = infra value = -500 }
		command = { type = naval value = -500 }
	}
}

#(1737-1765) The rule of the House of Lorraine
#by Isaac Brock
event = {
	id = 17370
	trigger = {
		monarch = 0136023 #Francesco II
		OR = {
			event = 3736 #FRA: French Inheritance of Lothringen
			event = 170202 #FRA: The claim to Lorraine
		}
		exists = HAB
		NOT = { war = { country = TOS country = HAB } }
	}
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME17370" #The rule of the House of Lorraine
	desc = "EVENTHIST17370"
	#-#At the death of Gian Gastone, the last of the ruling house of Medici in Florence, Francesco II became Grand Duke of Tuscany in 1737 in exchange for giving up his Duchy of Lorraine. He was the husband of Maria Theresa, heir to the Habsburg domains, and was elected emperor in 1745. He lived in Vienna, and never visited Florence. Although the country was reasonably well administered under his reign, it was very heavily taxed to support Francesco's court and Austria's wars.

	date = { day = 9 month = july year = 1737 }
	offset = 10
	deathdate = { day = 17 month = august year = 1765 }

	action_a = {
		name = "OK"
		command = { type = flagname which = "Habsburg" }
		command = { type = stability value = 1 }
		command = { type = DIP which = 2 value = 12 }
		command = { type = dynastic which = HAB }
	}
}
#(1737-1765) The House of Lorraine settles in Florence (no War of Polish Succession) - Ahistorical
event = {
	id = 297036
	trigger = {
		OR = {
			event = 3632 #LOR: Habsburg Inheritance of Lothringen
			event = 170202 #FRA: The claim to Lorraine (choice B)
		}
		exists = HAB
		NOT = {
			war = { country = TOS country = HAB }
			war = { country = TOS country = LOR }
		}
	}
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME297036" #The House of Lorraine settles in Florence
	desc = "EVENTHIST297036"
	#-#In 1737, at the death of Gian Gastone, the last of the ruling house of Medici in Florence, Duke François III Stephan of Lorraine became Grand Duke of Tuscany thanks to his political marriage with Maria Theresa of Austria, heir of all the Habsburgs' domains. In facts many were the interests of the House of Habsburg in exercising its hegemonic power in Italy in order to chase any Bourbon interference out of the peninsula. During his rule, Francesco II preferred to live in Vienna and never visited Florence. Although the country was reasonably well administered under his reign, Tuscany was very heavily taxed to support Francesco's court and Austria's wars.

	date = { day = 9 month = july year = 1737 }
	offset = 10
	deathdate = { day = 17 month = august year = 1765 }

	action_a = {
		name = "OK"
		command = { type = flagname which = "Habsburg" }
		command = { type = stability value = 1 }
		command = { type = DIP which = 2 value = 12 }
		command = { type = dynastic which = HAB }
		command = { type = dynastic which = LOR }
	}
}

#(1765-1790) Reforms of Pietro Leopoldo I
#by Isaac Brock
event = {
	id = 17372
	trigger = {
		monarch = 0136024 #Pietro Leopoldo I
		exists = HAB
		NOT = {
			war = { country = TOS country = HAB }
		}
	}
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME17372" #Reforms of Pietro Leopoldo
	desc = "EVENTHIST17372"
	#-#Pietro Leopoldo was the younger son of Francesco II, and ruled Tuscany from Florence rather than Vienna. He replaced the Germans in the administration with Tuscans, He abolished the tax privileges of the upper classes, and curbed the power of the clergy. He rejected papal interference in Tuscan church affairs, and replaced the standing army with a militia.

	date = { day = 18 month = august year = 1765 }
	offset = 10
	deathdate = { day = 20 month = july year = 1790 }

	action_a = {
		name = "OK"
		command = { type = flagname which = "Habsburg" }
		command = { type = trigger which = 297015 } #TOS: Consequences of Pietro Leopoldo reforms
		command = { type = stability value = 1 }
		command = { type = infra value = 500 }
		command = { type = domestic which = aristocracy value = -1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = centralization value = 1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = quality value = -1 }
		command = { type = provincetax which = -2 value = 2 }
		command = { type = relation which = PAP value = -40 }
		command = { type = relation which = HAB value = 30 }
	}
}
#(1765) Consequences of Pietro Leopoldo reforms
event = {
	id = 297015 #triggered by TOS_17372
	trigger = {
		vassal = { country = HAB country = TOS }
	}
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME297015" #Consequences of Pietro Leopoldo reforms
	desc = "EVENTHIST297015"
	#-#Upon his ascension to the crown of Austria in 1790 Pietro Leopoldo appointed his younger son as Grand Duke of Tuscany.

	action_a = {
		name = "OK"
		command = { type = breakvassal which = HAB }
		command = { type = stability value = 3 }
		command = { type = dynastic which = HAB }
	}
}

#(1786-1787) Beccaria's essay on Crimes and Punishments (TOS event)
#by Bordic
event = {
	id = 297016
	trigger = {
		monarch = 0136024 #Pietro Leopoldo I
	}
	random = no
	country = TOS
	name = "EVENTNAME297016" #Beccaria's essay on Crimes and Punishments
	desc = "EVENTHIST297016"
	#-#In 1764, Cesare Bonesana, Marquis of Beccaria, published a brief but justly celebrated treatise, 'Dei Delitti e delle Pene' (On Crimes and Punishments), which marked the high point of the Milan Enlightenment. In it, Beccaria put forth the first arguments ever made against the death penalty. His treatise was also the first full work of penology, advocating reform of the criminal law system. Apart from condemning the death penalty (on two grounds: first, because the state does not possess the right to take lives and secondly, because capital punishment is neither a useful nor a necessary form of punishment), Beccaria developed in his treatise a number of innovative and influential principles: punishment had a preventive, not a retributive, function, punishment should be proportionate to the crime committed, the certainty of punishment, not its severity, would achieve the preventive effect, procedures of criminal convictions should be public and finally, in order to be effective, punishment should be prompt. The book was the first full-scale work to tackle criminal reform and to suggest that criminal justice should conform to rational principles. In this, Beccaria reflected the convictions of the 'Il Caffè' group, who sought to cause reform through Enlightenment discourse. Put across in a clear and animated style, the book's serious message was based in particular upon a deep sense of humanity and of urgency at unjust suffering. This humane sentiment was what made Beccaria appeal for rationality in the laws. In 1786 Pietro Leopoldo of Habsburg-Lorraine was the first European monarch to reform the penal code with his 'Codice Leopoldino', he but followed Beccaria's argument about the lack of utility of capital punishment, not about the state's lacking right to execute citizens.

	date = { day = 10 month = march year = 1786 }
	offset = 30
	deathdate = { day = 10 month = january year = 1787 }

	action_a = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME297016A" #The first in the world in doing so #Reform the Justice
		command = { type = stability value = -1 }
		command = { type = domestic which = SERFDOM value = -2 }
		command = { type = domestic which = INNOVATIVE value = 1 }
		command = { type = infra value = 250 }
		command = { type = gainbuilding which = -2 value = courthouse }
		command = { type = treasury value = -100 }
	}
	action_b = {
		name = "ACTIONNAME3297B" #too much enlightenment... #Maintain the present system
		command = { type = vp value = -10 }
		command = { type = infra value = -100 }
	}
}

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#First free id: 297044
